VAT Calculator

Add VAT to a price or take it off a total. Use the UK rates of 20%, 5% and 0%, or pick another country.

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Last updated: 21 October 2026

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Your total price

Total price including VAT

300

250 + 50 VAT at 20%

VAT is 16.67% of your total. Out of every 100 you pay, about 16.67 is VAT.

Price excluding VAT250also called net
VAT5020% of 250
Price including VAT300also called gross

VAT calculation formula

VAT = Price × Rate ÷ 100

Total = Price + VAT

In this example:

VAT = 250 × 20% = 50
Total = 250 + 50 = 300

To take VAT off a total: price = total ÷ (1 + rate ÷ 100). The example follows the tab and the numbers you use.

Amount breakdown

Price excluding VAT25083.33%
VAT5016.67%

Shares of the total price you pay.

Add VAT at 20% for common prices

Price excluding VAT	VAT	Price including VAT
50	10	60
100	20	120
150	30	180
200	40	240
250	50	300
500	100	600
750	150	900
1,000	200	1,200

Handy for "250 plus VAT" and similar. It uses the rate in the calculator.

Take VAT off at 20% for common prices

Price including VAT	Price excluding VAT	VAT
50	41.67	8.33
100	83.33	16.67
150	125	25
200	166.67	33.33
250	208.33	41.67
500	416.67	83.33
750	625	125
1,000	833.33	166.67

The Remove VAT tab does this for any amount: divide by 1.2 at 20%.

VAT rates in Europe (2026)

Press a country to use its rate

Standard rate	Reduced rates	Super-reduced
20%	5%	–
20%	10% / 13%	–
21%	6% / 12%	–
20%	9%	–
25%	5% / 13%	–
19%	5% / 9%	–
21%	12%	–
25%	None	–
24%	9% / 13%	–
25.5%	10% / 13.5%	–
20%	5.5% / 10%	2.1%
18%	None	–
19%	7%	–
24%	6% / 13%	–
27%	5% / 18%	–
24%	11%	–
23%	9% / 13.5%	4.8%
22%	5% / 10%	4%
21%	5% / 12%	–
21%	5% / 9%	–
17%	8%	3%
18%	5% / 7%	–
20%	8% / 12%	–
21%	9%	–
25%	12% / 15%	–
23%	5% / 8%	–
23%	6% / 13%	–
21%	11%	–
23%	5% / 19%	–
22%	5% / 9.5%	–
21%	10%	4%
25%	6% / 12%	–
8.1%	2.6% / 3.8%	–
20%	10%	1%
20%	7% / 14%	–

Rates as of January 2026. Source: Tax Foundation, compiled from the European Union, the European Commission and VATCalc; United Kingdom from GOV.UK. Some countries have more than one reduced rate, and reduced rates apply to some goods and services only.

UK VAT rates

Rate	VAT	What it applies to
Standard rate	20%	Most goods and services
Reduced rate	5%	Some goods and services, for example children's car seats and home energy
Zero rate	0%	Zero-rated goods and services, for example most food and children's clothes

Some things are exempt from VAT, such as postage stamps and financial and property transactions. Source: GOV.UK.

What is included

Price excluding VAT (net)
The VAT on that price
Price including VAT (gross)
UK standard, reduced and zero rates
Any other rate you type in
The same figures when you take VAT off

Important to know

Which rate applies depends on what you sell or buy, so check the VAT rate for the goods or services. Exempt and out-of-scope items have no VAT. This is an estimate, not tax advice.

Use this free VAT calculator to add VAT to a price or take it off a total. Choose the UK standard rate of 20%, the reduced rate of 5% or the zero rate, pick another country to use its VAT rate, or type any rate. You get the price excluding VAT, the VAT and the price including VAT, with a worked example, a chart and tables for common prices such as 250 plus VAT. It is free and instant, and your numbers stay in your browser.

Amounts in this guide are in pounds. Unless it says otherwise, the examples use the UK standard rate of 20%.

How to calculate VAT

VAT (value added tax) is a percentage added to the price of goods and services. To find the VAT, multiply the price by the rate and divide by 100. Add it to the price to get the total you pay.

Formula: VAT = price × rate ÷ 100, total = price + VAT
For a £250 price at 20%, the VAT is 250 × 20 ÷ 100 = £50 and the total is £300.

How to add VAT to a price

If someone quotes you a price "plus VAT", the VAT has not been added yet. At 20%, £150 plus VAT is £150 + £30 = £180, and £1,000 plus VAT is £1,000 + £200 = £1,200. A quick shortcut at 20% is to multiply the price by 1.2. The "Add VAT" table under the calculator lists common prices.

How to take VAT off a price (reverse VAT)

If a price already includes VAT, divide it by 1 plus the rate. At 20% you divide by 1.2. A price of £300 including VAT is £250 before VAT, so the VAT in it is £50. For £250 including VAT, the price before VAT is £208.33 and the VAT is £41.67. Use the Remove VAT tab, or the "Take VAT off" table under the calculator.

Do not just take 20% off the total. That gives £240 for a £300 total, which is wrong, because 20% applies to the price before VAT, not to the total. The true price before VAT is £250.

The three UK VAT rates

The UK has three rates, set by the government and shown on GOV.UK:

Rate	VAT	What it applies to
Standard rate	20%	Most goods and services
Reduced rate	5%	Some goods and services, for example children's car seats and home energy
Zero rate	0%	Zero-rated goods and services, for example most food and children's clothes

The standard rate rose to 20% on 4 January 2011, from 17.5%. Some things are exempt from VAT, such as postage stamps and financial and property transactions. On a £250 price, the 5% rate adds £12.50, for a total of £262.50.

Net, gross, excluding and including VAT

Net means the price without VAT, also written "excluding VAT", "ex VAT" or "net of VAT". Gross means the price with VAT, also written "including VAT" or "inc VAT". So if a price is £250 plus VAT, £250 is the net price, and £300 is the gross price at 20%.

VAT rates in other countries

Most countries in Europe charge VAT, but each sets its own rates. In 2026 the standard rate is 19% in Germany, 20% in France, 21% in Spain and the Netherlands and 23% in Ireland. Luxembourg has the lowest standard rate in the EU at 17%, and Hungary the highest at 27%. Many countries also have one or two reduced rates for goods such as food, books or public transport. The table under the calculator lists the rates for 34 countries. Pick a country and the calculator fills in its standard rate. For GST, which works the same way in countries such as Australia and New Zealand, choose "Other country" and type the rate.

The UK VAT registration threshold

A business must register for VAT if its taxable turnover for the last 12 months goes over £90,000, or if it expects to go over £90,000 in the next 30 days. You can also register voluntarily below that. This guide does not cover how to file a VAT return, so check GOV.UK or ask an accountant.

VAT and sales tax

VAT is charged at each stage of production and is normally already included in the price you see. US sales tax is added once, at the final sale. For US prices, use the sales tax calculator. To find a percentage of a number, try the percentage calculator, and to work out a sale price, the discount calculator.

Sources

The rules, rates and ranges on this page come from these sources. Always check the current figures with the organization itself before you rely on them.

VAT rates – GOV.UK
VAT rates in Europe – Tax Foundation

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Frequently Asked Questions

How do I calculate VAT?

Multiply the price by the VAT rate and divide by 100. That is the VAT. Add it to the price to get the total. For example, £250 at 20% has £50 of VAT, so the total is £300.

How do I add VAT to a price?

Work out the VAT and add it on, or at 20% multiply the price by 1.2. £150 plus VAT is £180, and £1,000 plus VAT is £1,200. Use the Add VAT tab for any amount and rate.

How do I take VAT off a price?

Divide the price including VAT by 1 plus the rate. At 20% you divide by 1.2, so £300 including VAT is £250 before VAT and the VAT is £50. Use the Remove VAT tab.

What is the VAT rate in the UK?

The standard rate is 20% and applies to most goods and services. There is a reduced rate of 5% for some things, such as children's car seats and home energy, and a zero rate of 0% for things like most food and children's clothes (GOV.UK).

What is 250 plus VAT?

At the UK standard rate of 20%, £250 plus VAT is £300: the VAT is £50. At the 5% reduced rate, £250 plus VAT is £262.50.

What does excluding VAT or net of VAT mean?

It means the price without VAT, also called the net price. If a price is £250 excluding VAT, the VAT has not been added yet, and at 20% you would pay £300.

What does inc VAT mean? Does gross include VAT?

Inc VAT or including VAT means the VAT is already in the price. Gross also means the price with VAT included. A gross price of £300 at 20% is a net price of £250 plus £50 of VAT.

What is the UK VAT registration threshold?

A business must register for VAT if its taxable turnover for the last 12 months goes over £90,000, or it expects to go over £90,000 in the next 30 days. You can also register voluntarily if your turnover is lower (GOV.UK).

Can I take 20% off to remove VAT?

No. VAT at 20% is worked out on the price before VAT, so it is not 20% of the total. Taking 20% off £300 gives £240, but the real price before VAT is £250. Divide by 1.2 instead.

Is VAT the same as sales tax?

They are both taxes on spending, but VAT is charged at each stage of production and is usually already included in the price you see. US sales tax is added once, at the final sale. For US prices, use the sales tax calculator.

Can I use it for GST or VAT in other countries?

Yes. Pick a country from the list to use its standard rate (for 34 countries, rates as of January 2026), or choose Other country and type any VAT or GST rate. Reduced rates apply to some goods and services only.

Can I save, share or print my results?

Yes. After you press Calculate, use Copy link to get a link that opens the calculator with the same numbers, or Print for a clean printout. The numbers sit after the # in the link, a part of the address that browsers do not send to our server.

Are my numbers saved or shared?

No. The calculation happens in your browser, and the numbers you type are not stored or sent to any server.